{"id":6239,"date":"2025-08-02T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-02T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/?p=6239"},"modified":"2025-08-04T19:12:50","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T18:12:50","slug":"m-bus-electricity-sub-meters-for-the-outbuildings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/?p=6239","title":{"rendered":"M-Bus Electricity Sub-Meters for the Outbuildings"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>I&#8217;ve been finding the electricity sub-meters in the House very useful, showing the electrical consumption of the &#8216;significant&#8217; electrical loads as a proportion of the total recorded by the main electricity meter, so I&#8217;ll be adding some in the Outbuildings too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the House, I initially used cheap meters with only an S0 &#8216;pulse&#8217; output and recorded the readings manually every month. Later, I found some affordable (second-hand) M-Bus adaptors for the &#8216;pulse&#8217; meters (various models from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.relay.de\/en\/products\/m-bus-slaves\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Relay Padpuls range<\/a>) and added those, enabling the meters to be included in the once-per-minute reading cycle for the Water meters and the Heat meters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The &#8216;significant&#8217; loads that in my view warrant a dedicated sub-meter are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Heat Pumps\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In conjunction with a Heat Meter for heat pumps with a Water output, enabling the real-world efficiency to be calculated<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>With an Air-to-Air heat pump, as will be installed in the Outbuildings, it&#8217;s not practical to measure the heat <em>output<\/em> &#8211; but it&#8217;s still worth recording the electricity <em>input<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If there are secondary circulation pumps or control units which have a separate electrical supply from the main Heat Pump unit, these should ideally have their own sub-meter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mechanical Ventilation (with or without Heat Recovery) Systems\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>While their consumption is not especially high, the fact that these typically run 24&#215;7 means their total usage can add up &#8211; and since they&#8217;re still quite unusual in UK homes it&#8217;s good to track their actual energy consumption<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some MVHR units vary their fan power to provide a consistent airflow, in which case a gradual increase in energy consumption can be an indication that the filters need replacing &#8211; although normally the filters should be replaced before this increase becomes noticeable<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Electric Vehicle Charge Points\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sometimes these incorporate their own electricity metering, which can be accessed via a Smartphone App or other interface, but it&#8217;s convenient to have them metered in the same way as the other electrical loads<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Each charge point should have its own meter, should there be more than one<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other &#8216;large&#8217; or &#8216;interesting&#8217; loads\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Immersion heaters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rainwater harvesting pumps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>There&#8217;s a wide choice of electricity meters with an S0 &#8216;pulse&#8217; output (EN 62053-31) and a rather smaller choice of meters with a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modbus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Modbus<\/a> output. For meters with a native M-Bus (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meter-Bus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Meter-Bus<\/a>) output the choice is smaller still &#8211; but for a building that needs to have some M-Bus metering <em>anyway<\/em> it&#8217;s much more straightforward to add further M-Bus meters than to cater for alternative metering protocols as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve settled on using MID-certified M-Bus meters from UK company <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rayleigh.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rayleigh Instruments<\/a>, having added one of their meters to the House a few months ago and after receiving positive feedback from another self-builder who uses one for their air-to-water Heat Pump:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The 2-module-wide <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rayleigh.com\/ri-d35-100-mid-certified-single-phase-multifunction-energy-meter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">RI-D35-100-MB<\/a> which is a directly-connected meter for loads up to 100A\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This reports Manufacturer = &#8220;RAY&#8221; which is one of two manufacturer codes allocated to &#8220;Rayleigh Instruments, United Kingdom&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This returns a <em>lot<\/em> of data via M-Bus which spills over into a second M-Bus telegram, requiring the M-Bus software to be able to handle a multi-telegram response<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The 1-module-wide <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rayleigh.com\/ri-d175-single-phase-kwh-energy-meter-mid-certified.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">RI-D175-MB<\/a> which is a directly-connected meter for loads up to 45A\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Despite being branded as a Rayleigh Instruments unit, this reports Manufacturer = &#8220;PAD&#8221; which is a manufacturer code allocated &#8220;PadMess, Germany&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Note that this meter appears not to respond to a Secondary M-Bus address, so Primary addressing must be used<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There&#8217;s a variant of this available with a Current Transformer (CT) input instead of being directly-connected, which caters for currents up to 100A<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There&#8217;s more information about this specific meter in a Technical Article page <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/?page_id=6274\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"6274\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These are available for about \u00a325 each; surprisingly the larger meter is less than 10% more expensive than the smaller one, so actually I only use the smaller one for loads up to about 16A (where the smaller terminals are helpful for connecting smaller-section cables) and use the larger one for loads like the EV charge points, where the load won&#8217;t even exceed 32A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Rayleigh meters are shipped with their Primary M-Bus address set to &#8216;0&#8217; (RI-D35-100-MB) or &#8216;1&#8217; (RI-D175-MB) so if the intention is to extract readings using the Primary rather than the Secondary M-Bus addresses, these need to be changed from the default. This can be accomplished using one of the utilities shipped as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/rscada\/libmbus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">libmbus<\/a> codebase:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ mbus-serial-set-address -b 2400 \/dev\/ttyUSB0 <em>old_primary_address<\/em> <em>new_primary_address<\/em><\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I&#8217;ve been finding the electricity sub-meters in the House very useful, showing the electrical consumption of the &#8216;significant&#8217; electrical loads as a proportion of the total recorded by the main electricity meter, so I&#8217;ll be adding some in the Outbuildings &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/?p=6239\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-metering","category-product-choices"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6239"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6288,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6239\/revisions\/6288"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marshflattsfarm.org.uk\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}